Distantsi teisendaja (massiivid ja funktsioonid)

Lahendatav ülesanne

Loe N täisarvu kasutajalt, mis tähistavad vahemaid kilomeetrites. Salvesta arvud massiivi.
Teisenda antud vahemaad miilidesse.
Vahemaad loetakse täisarvudena. Miilidesse teisendatud vahemaad tuleb leida ja hoiustada ja kuvada kümnendmurdudena.
Leia ja kuva sisestatud vahemaade summa miilides.

Märka koodi juures järgnevat

Makrod antakse funktsioonidesse kaasa parameetritena. Selline käitumine toetab funktsioonide korduvkasutamist.
- Funktsioon ise ei hakka sõltuma konkreetse makro nimest ja selle eksisteerimisest koodifailis.
- Funktsioonid on korduvkasutatavad ükskõik kui suure massiivi korral.
Funktsioonidesse edastatakse vaid muutujad, mille väärtus on funktsioonile sisendiks ning massiivid. Tsükliloendurid ja alles leitavad tulemused deklareeritakse lokaalmuutujatena funktsiooni sees (neil ei ole olulist väärtust mida anda sisendiks). Nende edastamine muudaks vaid programmi aeglasemaks.
Kõik funktsioonid on kommenteeritud.
Summa leitakse eraldi funktsioonis ja tagastatakse. See aitab summa funktsiooni korduvkasutada järgnevates programmides kuna ei risusta programmi väljundit (nt kui on vaja leida mitme massiivi summa aga soovid välja printida summat, mis on neist kõigist suurim).
Kasutaja sisestab vahemaad kilomeetrites täisarvudest koosnevasse massiivi. Teisenduse tulemusena salvestatakse need massiivi, mille andmetüüp toetab reaalarve. Teisenduse käigus teostatakse tüübiteisendus täisarvudele.
Algne (sisestatud) massiiv säilitatakse. Seda võib olla vaja algsel kujul mõne teise alamülesande jaoks.
Kuna massiive ei saa tagastada, siis edastame algselt tühja massiiv funktsiooni ning funktsioon tegeleb andmete paigutamisega massiivi.

/**
 * File:         dist_converter.c
 * Author:       Risto Heinsar
 * Created:      26.10.2020
 * Last edit:    04.10.2023
 *
 * Description:  Reads an array filled with integers (representing distances 
 *               in kilometers) and converts it to miles. 
 *               Prints the sum of all distances in miles.
 */
#include <stdio.h>

#define DIST_COUNT 4
#define MILES_IN_KM 1.609f

void ReadDistances(int dist[], int n);
void ConvertArrToMiles(int distKm[], float distMi[], int n);
void PrintDistances(float dist[], int n);
float SumOfAllDist(float dist[], int n);

int main(void)
{
    int distancesInKilometers[DIST_COUNT];
    float distancesInMiles[DIST_COUNT], totalDist;
    
    ReadDistances(distancesInKilometers, DIST_COUNT);
    ConvertArrToMiles(distancesInKilometers, distancesInMiles, DIST_COUNT);
    PrintDistances(distancesInMiles, DIST_COUNT);
    
    totalDist = SumOfAllDist(distancesInMiles, DIST_COUNT);
    printf("The sum of all distances is %.2f miles!\n", totalDist);
    return 0;
}


/**
 * Description:    Asks the user for n integers and stores them in an array.
 *
 * Parameters:     dist - array to store distances entered by the user
 *                 n - number of distances to read (also length of array)
 *
 * Return:         none
 */
void ReadDistances(int dist[], int n)
{
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        printf("Enter distance %d in km (integer): ", i + 1);
        scanf("%d", &dist[i]);
    }
}


/**
 * Description:    Converts an array filled with distances in kilometers to
 *                 miles and stores them in the second array.
 *
 * Parameters:     distKm - array with distances in kilometers
 *                 distMi - array to store calculated distances in miles
 *                 n - number of distances to convert (length of both arrays)
 *
 * Return:         none
 */
void ConvertArrToMiles(int distKm[], float distMi[], int n)
{
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        distMi[i] = (float)distKm[i] / MILES_IN_KM;
    }
}


/**
 * Description:    Prints the given array of distances with 2 decimal places 
 *                 after the comma.
 *
 * Parameters:     dist - array with distances as decimals
 *                 n - length of the array.
 *
 * Return:         none
 */
void PrintDistances(float dist[], int n)
{
    int i;
    printf("The converted distances are: ");

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        printf("%.2f ", dist[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");
}

/**
 * Description:    Sums up all the distances in the array, returns the sum
 *
 * Parameters:     dist - array with distances as decimals
 *                 n - length of the array.
 *
 * Return:         the sum of given array members (total distance)
 */
float SumOfAllDist(float dist[], int n)
{
    int i;
    float sum = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        sum += dist[i];
    }
    return sum;
}

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/**

* File: dist_converter.c

* Author: Risto Heinsar

* Created: 26.10.2020

* Last edit: 04.10.2023

* Description: Reads an array filled with integers (representing distances

* in kilometers) and converts it to miles.

* Prints the sum of all distances in miles.

#include <stdio.h>

#define DIST_COUNT 4

#define MILES_IN_KM 1.609f

void ReadDistances(int dist[], int n);

void ConvertArrToMiles(int distKm[], float distMi[], int n);

void PrintDistances(float dist[], int n);

float SumOfAllDist(float dist[], int n);

int main(void)

{

int distancesInKilometers[DIST_COUNT];

float distancesInMiles[DIST_COUNT], totalDist;

ReadDistances(distancesInKilometers, DIST_COUNT);

ConvertArrToMiles(distancesInKilometers, distancesInMiles, DIST_COUNT);

PrintDistances(distancesInMiles, DIST_COUNT);

totalDist = SumOfAllDist(distancesInMiles, DIST_COUNT);

printf("The sum of all distances is %.2f miles!\n", totalDist);

return 0;

}

/**

* Description: Asks the user for n integers and stores them in an array.

* Parameters: dist - array to store distances entered by the user

* n - number of distances to read (also length of array)

* Return: none

void ReadDistances(int dist[], int n)

{

int i;

for (i = 0; i < n; i++)

{

printf("Enter distance %d in km (integer): ", i + 1);

scanf("%d", &dist[i]);

}

/**

* Description: Converts an array filled with distances in kilometers to

* miles and stores them in the second array.

* Parameters: distKm - array with distances in kilometers

* distMi - array to store calculated distances in miles

* n - number of distances to convert (length of both arrays)

* Return: none

void ConvertArrToMiles(int distKm[], float distMi[], int n)

{

int i;

for (i = 0; i < n; i++)

{

distMi[i] = (float)distKm[i] / MILES_IN_KM;

}

/**

* Description: Prints the given array of distances with 2 decimal places

* after the comma.

* Parameters: dist - array with distances as decimals

* n - length of the array.

* Return: none

void PrintDistances(float dist[], int n)

{

int i;

printf("The converted distances are: ");

for (i = 0; i < n; i++)

{

printf("%.2f ", dist[i]);

}

printf("\n");

}

/**

* Description: Sums up all the distances in the array, returns the sum

* Parameters: dist - array with distances as decimals

* n - length of the array.

* Return: the sum of given array members (total distance)

float SumOfAllDist(float dist[], int n)

{

int i;

float sum = 0;

for (i = 0; i < n; i++)

{

sum += dist[i];

}

return sum;

}